Year 5 pupils are expected to understand the terms factor, multiple and prime, square and cube numbers and use them to construct equivalence statements (for example, 4 x 35 = 2 x 2 x 35 3 x 270 = 3 x 3 x 9 x 10 = 9 2 x 10). Year 4 pupils write statements about the equality of expressions (for example, use the distributive law 39 × 7 = 30 × 7 + 9 × 7 and associative law (2 × 3) × 4 = 2 × (3 × 4). These pupils continue to practise their mental recall of multiplication tables when they are calculating mathematical statements in order to improve fluency. Year 3 pupils write and calculate mathematical statements for multiplication and division using the multiplication tables that they know, including for two-digit numbers times one-digit numbers, using mental and progressing to formal written methods. Year 2 pupils calculate mathematical statements for multiplication and division within the multiplication tables and write them using the multiplication (×), division (÷) and equals (=) signs. Number sentences build on what children will have already learnt about number bonds. In the National Curriculum, number sentences are referred to as ‘mathematical statements’ – these are introduced from Year 1, where pupils read, write and interpret mathematical statements involving addition (+), subtraction (–) and equals (=) signs. Download Free Now! When will my child learn about number sentences?
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